CoreMacro | Emerging Markets

Global currency markets have entered a new era. This implies that the framework for analyzing exchange rates must also change. We introduce a new framework for analyzing EM currencies and classify them into resilient and vulnerable categories. Finally, we are adding more EM domestic bonds to our portfolio and making many changes to our currency trades.

Peru’s economic resilience will help its markets outperform their EM peers. Domestic macro fundamentals are robust, and strong external accounts will lead to a stable-to-strengthening currency versus the US dollar. Overweight Peruvian equities, local bonds, and sovereign credit relative to their respective EM benchmarks, and go long 10-year domestic bonds (currency unhedged).

Special Report

The prevailing narrative around the world is that Chinese households are not spending enough and that China has overly relied on exports for economic growth. Some parts of this conjecture are incorrect. The primary economic imbalance in China is neither inadequate consumption nor outsized exports. The main economic excess is overinvestment.

Taiwan, Singapore, and Korea's currencies might appreciate versus the USD, driven by capital repatriation from domestic private investors away from the US. This thesis is less pertinent to India, Indonesia, and the Philippines because they have large net foreign portfolio liabilities. Malaysia and Thailand fall in the middle, while China is an exception. Investors should play intensifying deflationary pressures in Asia by betting on lower interest rates in the region.

In the long run, Mexico will emerge as one of the biggest winners of US tariffs as the US diversifies supply chains away from China. In the medium term, however, a US growth slowdown and tariffs will push Mexico into recession. In EM portfolios, we remain overweight Mexican equities, domestic bonds, and sovereign credit. We are reiterating a buy on 10-year domestic bonds. Go long MXN versus CNH.

Bessenomics has failed so far. The key pillars of Bessent’s policy mix – achieving lower interest rates and robust economic growth – have been severely jeopardized. The US dollar has depreciated for different reasons than Bessent had envisioned and has pushed up long-term US bond yields. A trade deal between the US and China will likely come too late to preclude a major downshift in global growth.

Amid the storm of global financial uncertainty, Argentina stands out as a free-market safe haven. The lifting of currency controls was the last step taken by this country to embrace market mechanisms. We recommend that investors buy Argentine equities, sovereign credit, and domestic bonds, and overweight Argentina within EM equity and fixed-income portfolios.

Even after policymakers retract their prejudicial actions, financial markets might continue selling off. We compare the current tariff shock with two past episodes when policy reversals did not produce market turnarounds: (1) the RMB devaluation in August 2015, and (2) the US Congress's initial rejection of the TARP bank bailout program in 2008. In addition, we show numerous technical indicators illustrating at which levels the potential bottom in various equity markets could be.

We believe Beijing views these US trade actions as nothing short of a declaration of economic war, not just a trade dispute. The US-China confrontation is set to escalate from here. Chinese authorities will allow the yuan to depreciate materially. Go short CNH against the US dollar. For EM and Asian equity portfolios, we are downgrading Chinese investable/offshore stocks from neutral to underweight.

On the one hand, US tariffs are much more deflationary for the rest of the world than for the US, so interest rate differentials might move in favor of the US dollar in the near term. On the other hand, portfolio outflows from the US will weigh on the greenback over a cyclical horizon. We recommend buying Mexican and Central European domestic bonds.