Iran
Iran is effectively trying to create an “October surprise,” an adage that refers to a pre-election crisis that alters the trajectory of polling and the eventual outcome. It is likely to be successful, with oil prices likely to face upward momentum from here. The intention would be to ensure that oil prices do not see any significant decline from now until November 3.
Middle Eastern crude exports are back at pre-war levels, yet Brent remains above $100/bbl. We explain why more barrels haven’t meant lower prices, and why policymakers have no clean fix. Even if Putin follows through on his reported agreement to release Russian diesel supplies into global markets, it is unlikely to meaningfully ease the fuel's supply disruption over the near term.
We keep the Global Geopolitical Risk Score at 8 because there are still no ceasefires in Europe or the Middle East. Russia is provoking NATO, which will need to push back. Iran, emboldened by the lack of definitive US success, pushes its luck, which could invite a destructive response from the US. The Chinese economy remains fragile, increasing the likelihood of foreign belligerence. After the US midterm, President Trump faces fewer political constraints, allowing him to pursue a maximalist foreign policy to cement his legacy during his lame-duck period.
Recent oil market developments expose the limits of the adjustment mechanisms that have cushioned the global market since the Hormuz closure began. Fortunately, Hormuz dark transits have become the dominant shock absorber in recent months, and rising flows should help mitigate the latest supply disruption going forward.
